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Atherosclerosis is common at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery
Stenosis of the internal carotid artery is a potentially treatable cause of:
- Ischaemic stroke
- Transient ischaemic attack
- Retinal infarction
A patient with an asymptomatic 50% carotid stenosis has 1-2% per year risk of a stroke
The risk of stroke increases with the degree of stenosis
Once a stenosis has become symptomatic the risk of a stroke is further increased
Once an ischaemic stroke has occurred the risk of further stroke is ~10% in the first year and ~5% in subsequent years

Management in the form of angioplasty and endarterectomy is offered.